Atheism, the rejection of theism, is the affirmation of the nonexistence of gods. Atheists are skeptical of all supernatural beings. They need empirical evidence for the existence of deities. Some atheists argue against the existence of gods from a philosophical, social or historical standpoint. Most of them lean towards humanism or naturalism. Thus, atheists do not have a unifying philosophical position. The responses of religions towards atheism also show significant variation as some religions like
Buddhism and Jainism do not require belief in a personal god. The word atheism came as a pejorative term to refer to anyone whose beliefs went against all accepted conventions regarding gods and the worship of gods. There are now different kinds of atheism.